The buzz about the future of automated drilling and it becoming reality depends on improvements in downhole data gathering now. Halliburton is working on it.
现在井下数据采集的改进决定了自动化钻井的未来及其实现。美国哈利伯顿公司正在研究这件事。
October 21, 2021
2021年10月21日
Halliburton公司的技术人员正在检查公司新型iStar测量和随钻测井平台
Halliburton’s iStar platform for measurement while drilling is on the list of oilfield technology for comparison with iPhone capabilities.
Halliburton公司的iStar随钻测量平台列入油田技术清单，与iPhone性能相媲美。
The company has revamped the downhole equipment used to deliver a wide range of essential downhole data collection services by taking advantage of advances in electronic technology.
公司利用先进的电子技术，对用于提供广泛必要的井下数据采集服务的井下设备进行了改造。
Paul Cooper, product manager for iStar in Halliburton’s Sperry Drilling unit, offers a simpler explanation: “The key thing is it’s shorter.” The new design for running well logging and measurement tools during drilling takes about half as long as the old design.
Halliburton’s Sperry钻井平台的iStar产品经理Paul Cooper给出了一个更简单的解释：“关键是它更短”。新设计在钻井过程中运行测井和测量工具的时间约为旧设计的一半。
The smaller package is a result of switching from the big circuit boards, on a scale of those found in old personal computers, to the tiny ones found in mobile phones.
更小的封装是把老式个人电脑的大电路板换成手机中小电路板的结果。
Individual batteries in each unit have been replaced by a central power source and there are fewer modular units to assemble, which cuts the assembly time required.
每个单元中的单个电池都被中央电源取代，需要组装的模块化单元较少，这就减少了组装所需的时间。
For those using the data, “shorter” means the sensors tracking the well’s position and the reservoir around it are closer to the drill bit, reducing the gap between the bit at the rock face and the tools doing the measuring in wells that are prone to sudden changes in direction and geology.
对于使用数据的人来说，“更短”意味着跟踪井位的传感器和其周围的储层更接近钻头，从而减少了在岩面钻头与在井中进行测量的工具之间的间隙。减少了方向和地质的突然变化
Those who are steering are made aware sooner of changes ahead, said Neila Kadri, strategic business manager with Halliburton Sperry drilling. She said, “The analogy is, how soon do you know you will crash into something?”
Halliburton’s Sperry钻井战略业务经理Neila Kadri说，那些正在掌舵的人更早意识到未来的变化。她说：“这就像你多久知道你会撞上什么东西？”
As with mobile devices, iStar is the nexus for a wide array of hardware, software, and data services brand names. What Halliburton’s customers are buying varies with the basin.
与移动设备一样，iStar 是各种硬件、软件和数据服务品牌的纽带。哈利伯顿的客户购买的产品因盆地而异。
Users in the North Sea and the Middle East are likely to deploy the full range of logging tools, including those measuring rock density and porosity, while users in the Permian tend to shorten that list.
北海和中东地区的用户很可能部署全套测井工具，包括测量岩石密度和孔隙度的工具，而二叠纪地区的用户则倾向于缩短使用范围。
Halliburton is upgrading the measurement tools for the platform which have been in use for a while. Cooper said later this year they will roll out a unit designed to provide more accurate location information by combining surveys every 90 ft with updates every 10 ft or so based on the current measures of the inclination and the azimuth.
Halliburton公司正在对已经使用一段时间的平台的测量工具进行升级。Cooper表示，今年晚些时候，他们将推出一个旨在提供更准确位置信息的装置，根据当前的倾角和方位角测量，每90英尺进行一次测量，每10英尺左右进行一次更新。
He is hoping this meets the approval of the SPE Wellbore Positioning Technical Section, which has long pushed the industry for more frequent position updates because small differences in the path can make a large difference in production.
他希望这能得到SPE井眼定位技术部门的批准，该部门长期以来一直推动行业更频繁地更新位置，因为路径上的微小差异可能会导致生产的巨大差异。
So far, the information users are largely human decision makers, whose real-time data flow is limited by what can be sent using mud-pulse telemetry. To maximize the value of this limited flow of information, downhole systems are processing the data collected to condense it into usable information.
迄今为止，信息使用者主要是人类的决策者，其实时数据流受限于泥浆脉冲遥测所能发送的内容。为了最大限度地发挥这种有限的信息流的价值，井下系统正在处理收集到的数据，将其浓缩成可用的信息。
The users in the future will increasingly be automated control systems designed to adjust well plans based on downhole data.
未来的用户将越来越多地使用旨在根据井下数据调整井计划的自动化控制系统。
This is already happening. Kadri said Halliburton customers are feeding these outputs to rotary steerable systems in the drilling of wells in “the eastern hemisphere.”
这种情况已经出现了。Kadri表示，哈里伯顿的客户正在将这些输出提供给“东半球”钻井过程中的旋转导向系统。
Doing all of this while downhole avoids the challenge of moving large volumes of data to the surface. While the system can deliver the data in real time if a connection is available to handle it, most users still rely on data stored in the tools, which is downloaded when the string is pulled. The new platform is designed to speed the downloading of the information and share it on the rig and remotely.
在井下进行所有这些操作可以避免将大量数据移到地面。虽然系统可以在有可用连接来处理数据的情况下实时传送数据，但大多数用户仍然依赖工具中存储的数据，这些数据是在拉取字符串时下载的。新平台旨在加速信息下载速度并在钻机上和远程共享。
“It can read all the data off of them in a couple of orders of magnitude faster than it used to,” Cooper said.
Cooper 说：“它可以比以前快几个数量级的速度读取所有数据。”
总结：哈里伯顿公司的iStar随钻测量平台使钻井硬件设施与数字化相结合，有着更小的体积，它缩短了井下数据采集的时间，能及时感知到井下变化，并同时根据井下数据调整井计划的自动化控制系统，同时加速信息下载速度并在钻机上和远程共享。
网宣部 硕2021级4班 蔡纯
网宣部 硕2021级3班 刘磊
