一、内容简介
《地层岩石裂缝变形及耦合流动理论》是由李皋、冯一、段慕白等学者编著，2025 年 7 月由石油工业出版社出版的学术著作。全书共 80214 字，共有六章，聚焦深部碳酸盐岩油气勘探开发中的核心技术难题，系统阐述地层岩石裂缝变形与耦合流动的基础理论及应用实验。译者主要负责第二章部分、第三章和第四章的翻译工作，共计 16698 字。
二、译文修改
例1：
ST: 如图2-1-6(a)所示，每次扫描都会由投影仪投射一组平行的光栅条纹，即结构光。平行的光栅条纹如果投射在不同角度的平面上将会发生一定程度的倾斜，但仍将保持平行。但如果投射在曲面上每条条纹都将会发生不同程度的扭曲变形。
TT1: As shown in Fig. 2-1-6(a), each scan involves the projection of a set of parallel raster fringes by the projector, known as structured light. If these fringes are projected onto flat surfaces with different angles, they will undergo a degree of inclination while retaining their parallel nature. However, projection onto a curved surface causes each stripe to experience varying degrees of distortion.
TT2: As shown in Fig. 2-1-6(a), during each scan a set of parallel raster fringes, known as structured light, is projected by the projector. When projected onto flat surfaces at different angles, these fringes become inclined to a certain extent while remaining parallel. However, when projected onto a curved surface, each fringe undergoes varying degrees of distortion.
例2：
ST: 采用金刚石探针在被测金刚石表面缓慢地滑动，通过便携式电示仪上的长度传感器将被测金刚石长度通过探针的上下长度位移转换为电信号。
TT1: While a diamond probe is used to slowly slide on the surface of the tested diamond, the length of the tested diamond is converted into an electrical signal through the vertical displacement of the probe length by a length sensor of a portable ammeter.
TT2:A diamond probe is slowly slid across the surface of the tested diamond. The length sensor of a portable ammeter converts the probe’s vertical displacement into an electrical signal, from which the diamond’s length is obtained.
例3：
ST: 裂缝流动空间可以看作两侧裂缝面的高度差，因此如果两侧裂缝形貌较为耦合，那么裂缝流动空间也较为规则。
TT1: The flow space can be regarded as the height difference between the two sides of the fracture surface. Therefore, if the morphology of the fractures on both sides is more coupled, their flow space is also more regular.
TT2:The fracture flow space, which can be regarded as the height difference between the two opposing fracture surfaces, tends to be more regular when the surface morphologies on both sides are well coupled.
三、研讨反思
例1中，“投射”（动词）→ “projection”（名词）
“发生一定程度的倾斜”（动词性表达）→ “undergo a degree of inclination”（动词 + 名词）、“倾斜”在中文里可作动词；英文用 inclination（名词）、“保持平行”（动词）→ “retain their parallel nature”（动词 + 名词）、“扭曲变形”（动词/动词性并列）→ “distortion”（名词）中文“扭曲、变形”是并列两个动词，即扭曲和变形，但是实际意义相同；译文用一个抽象名词（distortion）进行合并，再用“varying degrees of”表示程度，属于动词并列 → 名词的词类转换。上述发生在TT1中的转换都是典型的动词 → 名词转换（名词化）。但是转换太过生硬，不仅有为了特地套用理论翻译的嫌疑，还使译文不够自然。有时候，虽然原文有不少动词，即使考虑到英语喜欢使用名词，也应该结合原文的具体内容进行综合分析，并不是一味翻译成名词就一定地道。
例2中，TT1为了不割裂，使用了while引导的状语从句，所有信息压缩在一个句子。但是，无法确定原文所表达的意思一定是前一句与后一句同时发生。在未得到原作者确认的情况下，宁愿使用切分法进行翻译，也不要自行脑补动作之间的先后顺序。
例3是典型的汉语主题句。TT1切分成两句话进行了翻译，本身并没有任何错误。但仔细观察，原文三个分句之间具有语义上的联系。TT2使用的定语从句很好地糅合了第一个分句所表达的背景信息，整句译文属于主从嵌套结构，不仅不会割裂句子，还能提升译文可读性。因此翻译时要不能盲目切分句子，要先厘清分句的语义联系，再选择合适的定语从句、短语或者非谓语进行信息嵌套。
